Asanayikemwatsatanetsatane kanasonkhezereka zitsulo mapaipipa msika, zoyeserera manja ayenera kuchitidwa, ndi mwatsatanetsatane kanasonkhezereka zitsulo chitoliro fakitale ali odzipereka gawo experimental.Chifukwa msika woyamba wamapaipi achitsulo okhazikika ndi ntchito yolemetsa yomanga.Koma ntchito imeneyi ili ndi zofunika kwambiri pa kulimba kwamphamvu kwa mipope yachitsulo yokhotakhota, ndiye tingatani kuti tiwongolere kulimba kwa mipope yachitsulo yolimba kwambiri?Tsopano tiyeni tidziwitse izo kwa ife.
Pamwamba pa mndandanda, mapaipi achitsulo olondola amathanso kuyesedwa pogwiritsa ntchito kuyesa kwa eddy m'malo moyesa ma hydraulic.Kuthamanga koyesera kapena eddy panopa kuyesa chitsanzo chitsanzo kukula ayenera kutsatira malamulo a GB 3092. The makina ntchito zitsulo ndi cholinga chofunika kuonetsetsa ntchito yake mtheradi ntchito (makina ntchito), zomwe zimatengera kapangidwe mankhwala ndi kutentha mankhwala njira zitsulo.Mu muyezo zitsulo chitoliro, malinga ndi zofunika zosiyanasiyana ntchito, ntchito kutambasula (mwatsatanetsatane kanasonkhezereka chitsulo chitoliro kumakoka mphamvu, zokolola mphamvu kapena mwatsatanetsatane kanasonkhezereka chitsulo chitoliro, elongation), kuuma ndi durability zolinga, komanso ntchito mkulu ndi otsika kutentha chofunika ndi owerenga , zafotokozedwa.
Kachiwiri, kulimba kwamphamvu kwa mapaipi achitsulo opangidwa ndi malata ( σ b) Mphamvu yayikulu (Fb) yomwe chithunzicho chimanyamula panthawi yamphamvu panthawi yosweka, chochokera kudera loyambirira (So) lachitsanzo ( σ. ), Imatchedwa mphamvu yamakokedwe ya mipope yachitsulo yokhazikika (σ b), mu N/mm2 (MPa).Zimasonyeza kuthekera kwakukulu kwa zipangizo zachitsulo kuti zisawonongeke pansi pa zovuta zowonongeka.Mu chilinganizo: Fb - mphamvu pazipita zotengedwa ndi chitsanzo pa fracture, N (Newton);Chifukwa chake - gawo loyambirira lachitsanzo, mm2.Mwatsatanetsatane kanasonkhezereka zitsulo chitoliro: zinthu zitsulo ndi chodabwitsa ololera, ndi kupsyinjika kumene chitsanzo angapitirize elongate popanda kuwonjezera mphamvu (kusunga bata) pa ndondomeko kutambasula, amatchedwa mwatsatanetsatane kanasonkhezereka zitsulo chitoliro.Ngati mphamvu ikugwa, mipope yachitsulo yopangidwa ndipamwamba komanso yotsika iyenera kusiyanitsa.Chitoliro chachitsulo chowongolera bwino ndi N/mm2 (MPa).Chitoliro chachitsulo chapamwamba chapamwamba: Kupanikizika kwakukulu kusanachitike kuchepa kwa mphamvu chifukwa cha kupindika kwa chitsanzo;Chitoliro chachitsulo chocheperako chocheperako: Kupsinjika pang'ono mu gawo lololera pomwe zotsatira zanthawi yomweyo sizimaganiziridwa.Muchilinganizo: Fs - mphamvu yopindika panthawi yokhazikika ya chitsanzo (chokhazikika), N (Newton) Choncho - gawo loyambirira lachitsanzo, mm2.Kutalikirana pambuyo pakuthyoka: (σ) Pakuyesa kwamphamvu, kuchuluka kwa kutalika komwe kumawonjezeredwa pautali woyezera wa chitsanzo pambuyo pakusweka poyerekeza ndi kutalika kwa geji yoyambirira kumatchedwa elongation.
Chachitatu, ndi σ Imawonetsa kuti gawolo ndi%.Mu chilinganizo: L1- gauge kutalika kwa chitsanzo pambuyo fracture, mm;L0- Kutalika kwa geji yoyambirira yachitsanzo, mm.Mlingo wochepetsera gawo: ( ψ) Pakuyesa kwamphamvu, kuchepetsedwa kwakukulu kwa gawo lodutsamo pamlingo wochepetsedwa wa fanizo pambuyo pakusweka kumatchedwa kuchuluka kwa gawo loyambira, lomwe limatchedwa gawo lochepetsera gawo. .ndi ψ Imawonetsa kuti gawolo ndi%.Mu chilinganizo: S0- Choyambirira chodutsa gawo lachitsanzo, mm2;S1- Malo ocheperako pang'onopang'ono pamtunda wocheperako wa chitsanzo pambuyo pa kusweka, mm2.Chandamale cholimba: Kukhoza kwa zida zachitsulo kukana kulowa mkati mwa zinthu zolimba pamtunda kumatchedwa kuuma.Malingana ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zoyesera ndi machitidwe ogwiritsira ntchito, kuuma kungathe kugawidwa kukhala Brinell hardness, Rockwell hardness, Vickers hardness, Shore hardness, microhardness, ndi kuuma kwa kutentha kwakukulu.Pali mitundu itatu ya mapaipi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri: Brinell, Rockwell, ndi Vickers kuuma.Kulimba kwa Brinell (HB): Kugwiritsa ntchito mpira wina wam'mimba mwake wachitsulo kapena mpira wolimba wa aloyi
Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-10-2023