Kusankha, kukonza, ndi kukhazikitsa mapaipi achitsulo cha hydraulic

Ndi chitukuko chaukadaulo wa hydraulic, momwe mungasankhire molondola, kukonza, ndi kukonzamapaipi achitsulo cha hydraulickupanga makina a hydraulic kuti azigwira ntchito mopanda mphamvu, zodalirika, komanso kukhala ndi moyo wautali.

Imawu oyamba

Ndi chitukuko chaukadaulo wa hydraulic, momwe mungasankhire molondola, kukonza, ndi kukonzamapaipi achitsulo cha hydraulickupanga makina opangira ma hydraulic kuti azigwira ntchito mopanda mphamvu, odalirika, komanso kukhala ndi moyo wautali wakhala mutu wofufuza kwa opanga ma hydraulic system.Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza za kusankha, kukonza, ndi kukhazikitsa mapaipi achitsulo a hydraulic.

ChitoliroSchisankho

Kusankhidwa kwa mapaipi kuyenera kutengera kuthamanga kwa dongosolo, kuchuluka kwa mayendedwe, ndi momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito.M'pofunika kulabadira ngati mphamvu ya chitoliro ndi yokwanira, ngati chitoliro m'mimba mwake ndi makulidwe a khoma zimakwaniritsa zofunikira za dongosolo, komanso ngati khoma lamkati la chitoliro chachitsulo chosankhidwa liyenera kukhala losalala, lopanda dzimbiri, khungu la oxide, ndi zolakwika zina.Ngati zotsatirazi zipezeka kuti sizingatheke: makoma amkati ndi akunja a chitoliro akhala akuwonongeka kwambiri;Kuzama kwa zokopa pa thupi la chitoliro ndi zoposa 10% ya makulidwe a khoma;Pamwamba pa chitoliro thupi ndi recessed kuti kuposa 20% ya m'mimba mwake chitoliro;Osafanana khoma makulidwe ndi ovality zoonekeratu wa chigawo chitoliro.Mipope yachitsulo yosasunthika nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mapaipi apakati komanso apamwamba kwambiri, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamakina a hydraulic chifukwa cha zabwino zake monga kulimba kwambiri, mtengo wotsika, komanso kumasuka kwa kulumikizana kwaulere.Ma hydraulic system wamba nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mapaipi ozizira a chitsulo chotsika cha carbon 10, 15, ndi 20, omwe amatha kuwotcherera modalirika pamiyeso yosiyanasiyana ya mapaipi panthawi yapaipi.Makina a hydraulic servo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mapaipi achitsulo osapanga dzimbiri, omwe sachita dzimbiri, amakhala osalala mkati ndi kunja, ndipo amakhala ndi miyeso yolondola, koma mitengo yake ndi yokwera kwambiri.

Kukonza mapaipi

Kukonza mapaipi makamaka kumaphatikizapo kudula, kupindika, kuwotcherera, ndi zina.Kukonzekera kwa mipope kumakhudza kwambiri magawo a mapaipi a mapaipi ndipo kumagwirizana ndi ntchito yodalirika ya hydraulic system.Choncho, njira zasayansi ndi zomveka zogwirira ntchito ziyenera kutengedwa kuti zitsimikizire kuti ntchitoyo ndi yabwino.

1) Kudula mapaipi

Mapaipi a hydraulic system okhala ndi m'mimba mwake pansi pa 50mm amatha kudulidwa pogwiritsa ntchito makina odulira magudumu, pomwe mapaipi okhala ndi mainchesi pamwamba pa 50mm nthawi zambiri amadulidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zamakina, monga zida zapadera zamakina.Njira zowotcherera pamanja ndi njira zodulira mpweya ndizoletsedwa, ndipo kucheka pamanja kumaloledwa ngati zinthu zilola.Mapeto a chitoliro chodulidwa ayenera kusungidwa perpendicular kwa axial centerline mmene ndingathere, ndi kudula pamwamba pa chitoliro ayenera lathyathyathya ndi wopanda burrs, okusayidi khungu, slag, etc.

2) Kupinda kwa mapaipi

Kupindika kwa mapaipi kumachitika bwino pamakina opindika amakina kapena ma hydraulic.Nthawi zambiri, mapaipi okhala ndi mainchesi 38mm ndi pansi amakhala ozizira.Kugwiritsa ntchito makina opindika chitoliro kupindika mapaipi kumalo ozizira kumatha kupewa kubadwa kwa khungu la oxide ndikusokoneza ubwino wa mapaipi.Kupinda kotentha sikuloledwa panthawi yopanga mapaipi opindika, ndipo zoyikapo zitoliro monga zigono zosindikizidwa zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zoloweza m'malo, monga mapindikidwe, kupatulira makoma a chitoliro, komanso kutulutsa khungu la oxide kumakonda kuchitika panthawi yopindika yotentha.Mapaipi opindika ayenera kuganizira utali wopindika.Malo opindika akakhala ochepa kwambiri, amatha kuyambitsa kupsinjika mupaipi ndikuchepetsa mphamvu zake.Utali wozungulira wa kupindika sikuyenera kuchepera 3 kuwirikiza chitoliro.Kuthamanga kwapaipi kogwira ntchito kukakhala kokulirapo, ndiye kuti utali wopindika wake uyenera kukulirakulira.The ellipticity wa chitoliro wopindika pambuyo kupanga sayenera upambana 8%, ndi kupatuka kwa ngodya kupinda sayenera upambana ± 1.5mm/m.

3) Kuwotcherera kwa mapaipi ndi ma hydraulic mapaipi nthawi zambiri kumachitika m'njira zitatu:

(1) Pamaso kuwotcherera chitoliro, mapeto a chitoliro ayenera beveled.Pamene weld groove ndi yaying'ono kwambiri, imatha kupangitsa khoma la chitoliro kuti lisatenthedwe mokwanira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti paipiyo ikhale yosakwanira mphamvu;Pamene groove ndi yaikulu kwambiri, ingayambitsenso zolakwika monga ming'alu, slag inclusions, ndi ma welds osagwirizana.Mbali ya groove iyenera kuchitidwa molingana ndi mitundu ya kuwotcherera yomwe ili yabwino malinga ndi zofunikira za dziko.Makina a beveling adzagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza bwino poyambira.Njira yodulira makina ndiyopanda ndalama, yothandiza, yosavuta, ndipo imatha kuonetsetsa kuti ntchitoyo ndi yabwino.Wamba akupera gudumu kudula ndi beveling ayenera kupewedwa mmene n'kotheka.

(2) Kusankhidwa kwa njira zowotcherera ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pakupanga mapaipi ndipo liyenera kuyamikiridwa kwambiri.Pakalipano, kuwotcherera kwa arc manual ndi argon arc kuwotcherera kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.Mwa iwo, kuwotcherera kwa argon arc ndikoyenera kuwotcherera mapaipi a hydraulic.Ili ndi ubwino wamtundu wabwino wa weld mphambano, wosalala komanso wokongola weld pamwamba, palibe kuwotcherera slag, palibe makutidwe ndi okosijeni wa weld mphambano, ndi mkulu kuwotcherera dzuwa.Njira ina yowotcherera imatha kuyambitsa kuwotcherera slag kulowa mu chitoliro kapena kupanga kuchuluka kwa oxide sikelo pakhoma lamkati la cholumikizira cholumikizira, chomwe chimakhala chovuta kuchotsa.Ngati nthawi yomanga ndi yochepa ndipo pali ochepa argon arc welders, zikhoza kuganiziridwa kuti ntchito argon arc kuwotcherera kwa wosanjikiza umodzi (backing) ndi kuwotcherera magetsi kwa wosanjikiza wachiwiri, amene osati kuonetsetsa ubwino komanso bwino kumanga bwino.

(3) Pambuyo kuwotcherera mapaipi, kuyang'anira khalidwe la weld kuyenera kuchitika.Zinthu zoyendera zikuphatikizapo: kaya pali ming'alu, zophatikizika, pores, kuluma mopitirira muyeso, kuwaza, ndi zochitika zina kuzungulira msoko wowotcherera;Yang'anani ngati weld bead ndi waudongo, ngati pali kusokonekera kulikonse, ngati malo amkati ndi akunja akutuluka, komanso ngati kunja kwawonongeka kapena kufooka panthawi yokonza mphamvu ya khoma la chitoliro..

Kuyika mapaipi

Kuyika kwa mapaipi a Hydraulic kumachitika pambuyo poyika zida zolumikizidwa ndi zida zama hydraulic.Musanayake payipi, m'pofunika kuti mudziwe bwinobwino ndondomeko ya mapaipi, kulongosola ndondomeko ya makonzedwe, malo, ndi njira ya payipi iliyonse, kudziwa malo a mavavu, mfundo, ma flanges, ndi zitoliro, ndikuzilemba ndi kuzipeza.

1) Kuyika kwa zitoliro za chitoliro

Chipinda choyambira cha chitoliro nthawi zambiri chimakhala chowotcherera mwachindunji kapena kudzera m'mabulaketi monga zitsulo zamakona kupita kuzinthu zamapangidwe, kapena amakhazikika ndi mabawuti okulitsa pamakoma a konkriti kapena mabulaketi am'mbali mwakhoma.Mtunda pakati pa zitoliro uyenera kukhala woyenera.Ngati ndi yaying'ono kwambiri, idzawononga.Ngati ndi yayikulu kwambiri, imayambitsa kugwedezeka.Pa ngodya zolondola, payenera kukhala chitoliro chimodzi mbali zonse.

2) Kuyika mapaipi

Mfundo zazikuluzikulu zoyika mapaipi ndi:

(1) Mipopeyo iyenera kukonzedwa molunjika kapena molunjika momwe mungathere, kumvetsera mwaukhondo ndi kusasinthasintha kuti musadutse mapaipi;Mtunda wina uyenera kusungidwa pakati pa makoma a mapaipi awiri ofanana kapena odutsa;

(2) Mipope ikuluikulu ya m'mimba mwake kapena mapaipi pafupi ndi mbali yamkati ya chithandizo cha mapaipi ayenera kukhala patsogolo pakuyika;

(3) Chitoliro cholumikizidwa ndi cholumikizira cha chitoliro kapena flange chiyenera kukhala chitoliro chowongoka, ndipo mbali ya chitoliro chowongoka ichi iyenera kugwirizana ndi olamulira a chitoliro kapena flange, ndipo kutalika kwake kuyenera kukhala kwakukulu kuposa kapena kofanana ndi 2 nthawi m'mimba mwake;

(4) Mtunda wapakati pa khoma lakunja la payipi ndi m'mphepete mwa zida zapaipi zoyandikana siziyenera kuchepera 10mm;Ma flanges kapena migwirizano ya mzere womwewo wa mapaipi ayenera kugwedezeka ndi kupitirira 100mm;Malo olumikizana a payipi yodutsa khoma ayenera kukhala osachepera 0.8m kutali ndi khoma;

(5) Poika gulu la mapaipi, njira ziwiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mosinthana: 90 ° ndi 45 °;

(6) Chitoliro chonsecho chikuyenera kukhala chachifupi momwe kungathekere, ndi kutembenuka pang'ono, kusintha kosalala, kuchepetsa kupindika mmwamba ndi pansi, ndikuwonetsetsa kukula koyenera kwa Kutentha kwa payipi.Kutalika kwa payipi kuyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti pali disassembly yaulere ndi kuphatikiza zolumikizana ndi zowonjezera popanda kukhudza mapaipi ena;

(7) Poyikira mapaipi kapena kuyika koyenera kuyenera kukhala koyenera kulumikiza chitoliro ndi kukonza, ndipo payipiyo iyenera kukhala pafupi ndi zida zokonzera chitoliro;Chitolirocho sichidzawotchedwa mwachindunji ku bulaketi;

(8) Panthawi ya kusokonezeka kwa unsembe wa chitoliro, ma orifices onse a chitoliro ayenera kusindikizidwa bwino.Pakuyika kwa Plumbing, sipadzakhala mchenga, sikelo ya oxide, chitsulo chachitsulo ndi dothi lina lomwe limalowa mupaipi;Osachotsa chitetezo chonse cha mapaipi musanayike, chifukwa zitha kuwononga mapaipi.

Mapeto

Dongosolo la hydraulic limapangidwa ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zama hydraulic zomwe zimalumikizidwa mwamapaipi, zolumikizira mapaipi, ndi midadada yamafuta.Pali mapaipi ambiri olumikizira zitsulo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu hydraulic system.Mapaipiwa akawonongeka ndi kutayikira, amatha kuwononga chilengedwe mosavuta, kusokoneza magwiridwe antchito adongosolo, ngakhalenso kuyika chitetezo pangozi.Kusankha, kukonza, ndi kukhazikitsa mapaipi achitsulo cha hydraulic ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pakusintha zida za hydraulic.Kudziwa njira zolondola kudzakhala kopindulitsa pakugwira ntchito kokhazikika kwa ma hydraulic system.